Espressif Systems created the ESP32 system-on-chip microcontroller, which is inexpensive and low-power. It is the replacement for the ESP8266, a low-cost Wi-Fi microprocessor with extremely restricted features. The ESP32 series uses either a dual-core or single-core Tensilica Xtensa LX6 CPU, a dual-core Xtensa LX7 microprocessor, or a single-core RISC-V microprocessor. With about 20 external components, ESP32 is highly integrated solution for Wi-Fi and Bluetooth IoT applications. Antenna switch, RF balun, power amplifier, low-noise receive amplifier, filters, and power management modules are all integrated into the ESP32. As a result, the overall system uses little space on the printed circuit board (PCB).
The ESP32 employs CMOS to provide a single chip with fully integrated radio and baseband functionality. It also incorporates sophisticated calibration circuitry, which enables the solution to correct for external circuit flaws or adapt to changes in the environment. Thus, solutions may be produced in large quantities without the use of pricey and specialized Wi-Fi testing tools. The ESP8266 which is the predecessor, has a processor inside. However, the majority of applications require a separate microcontroller for data processing, integrating sensors, and digital Input Output due to the multitasking needed in upgrading the Wi-Fi stack. You might not want to utilize a second microcontroller with the ESP32. The ESP32 can operate at speeds of up to 240MHz on breakout boards and modules. For anything requiring a microcontroller with networking options, that speed is excellent.
Protocol CPU (PRO CPU) and Application CPU (APP CPU) are the names of the two cores. In essence, this means that the PRO CPU processor controls Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and other internal peripherals like SPI, I2C, ADC, etc. The application code does not use the APP CPU. The Expressif Internet development Framework makes the distinction (ESP-IDE). The chip’s official software development framework is called ESP-IDF. ESP-IDF will be the foundation for Arduino and other development implementations.
Smart homes, industrial automation, and wearable technology are just a few of the Internet of Things (IoT) applications that can be developed using ESP32. Due to its adaptability and simplicity, it is frequently used in DIY electronics projects. The Arduino IDE and the ESP-IDF framework, a collection of Espressif programming tools and libraries, can both be used to program the ESP32. Free RTOS is used by ESP-IDF to transition between processors and communicate data between them.
Board Layout
Specifications Of ESP32
| No. | Specification | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | Processor | Dual-core Tensilica LX6 32-bit microprocessor, up to 240MHz |
| 2. | RAM | 520KB |
| 3. | Flash Memory | 4MB |
| 4. | Wi-Fi | Wi-Fi 802.11 b/g/n |
| 5. | Bluetooth | Bluetooth V4.2 BR/EDR and BLE |
| 6. | I/O pins | 34 Digital I/O pins |
| 7. | DAC | Two 8-Bit DAC channels are available |
| 8. | UART | 3 UART ports are available |
| 9. | SPI | 3 SPI ports are available |
| 10. | Touch Sensor | ESP32 comes with 10 Capacitive Touch sensor |
| 11. | Data Interfaces | SPI, UART, I2C, DAC, ADC |
| 12. | Security features | AES, RSA, WFA, WPA/WPA2, WAPI, Secure Boot, Flash encryption |
| 13. | Cryptographic acceleration | Yes, it is available |
| 14. | Operating Voltage | 3.3V |
| 15. | Operating Temperature | 40°C – 125°C |
| 16. | Price | Ranges from $5 to $20 |
Pinout Of ESP32
| Pin Category | Pin Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Power | 3.3V, 5V, GND | 3.3V – The on board regulator’s regulated output voltage 5V – This pin can be used to directly supply the ESP32 GND stands for ground pins |
| PWM Pins | Nearly all GPIO pins | 25 PWM output pins |
| SPI | SPI, HSPI, VSPI | 3 Serial Peripheral interfaces are available |
| UART | U0 TXD, U0 RXD, U0 CTS, U0 RTS U1 TXD, U1 RXD, U1 CTS, U0 RTS U2 TXD, U2 RXD, U2 CTS, U2 RTS | 3 UART interfaces are available |
| ADC | ADC1_CH1 to ADC1_CH7 ADC2_CH0 to ADC2_CH9 | 18 Analog-to-Digital Converter channels |
| DAC | DAC_1, DAC_2 | 2 Digital-to-Analog Converter channels |
| I2C | SDA, SCL | Inter – Integrated Circuit communication port |
FAQ
1.What is the purpose of ESP32?
ESP32 can function as a full standalone system or as a slave device to a host MCU, which lessens the burden on the primary application CPU caused by communication stack overhead. Through its SPI/SDIO or I2C/UART interfaces, ESP32 may connect to other systems to provide Wi-Fi and Bluetooth capability.
2.What language is ESP32 supported in?
The ESP32 may be programmed in a variety of programming languages and environments, including C/C++, Micro python, Lua, and others.
3.How many sensors can be connected to ESP32?
Up to 10 capacitive touch pads or GPIOs can be handled by the ESP32. The sensors pads can be placed in various ways such as matrix or slider to detect more points or a broader area.
4.How long can ESP32 run on battery?
In most circumstances, 1A of power is insignificant. With voltage effects taken into account, an ESP32 in modem-sleep could be powered for roughly 12.5 hours by a tiny 3.7V, 580mAh rechargeable battery. Light sleep could last more than a thousand hours.
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